不同浓度的氟伐他汀对卵巢癌SKOV3细胞中GPX4蛋白表达的影响

目的:探讨不同浓度的氟伐他汀对卵巢癌SKOV3细胞中脂质过氧化物磷脂谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4（phospholipid glutathione peroxidase 4，GPX4)蛋白表达的影响。方法:采用细胞免疫组化、qRT-PCR和Western Blot技术检测卵巢癌SKOV3细胞中GPX4 mRNA和蛋白的表达。结果:随着氟伐他汀的浓度增加（0 mmol/L、3 mmol/L、10 mmol/L、30 mmol/L），SKOV3细胞数目减少，氟伐他汀呈浓度依赖性抑制SKOV3细胞的增殖；SKOV3细胞中GPX4蛋白和mRNA的相对表达量明显上调。结论:氟伐他汀抑制卵巢癌细胞的增殖转移与其上调卵巢癌细胞中GPX4的表达有关。     

糖类抗原125、糖类抗原15-3、糖类抗原19-9和人附睾蛋白4单独及联合检测对卵巢癌的诊断价值

目的研究糖类抗原125(CA125)、CA15-3、CA19-9和人附睾蛋白4(HE4)单独及联合检测对卵巢癌的诊断价值,探讨最优的联合诊断方案。方法选取90例卵巢癌患者、90例良性卵巢疾病患者及90同期健康体检者,分别作为肿瘤组、良性组和健康组。比较3组受试者血清CA125、CA15-3、CA19-9和HE4水平及阳性率,比较上述四种肿瘤标志物单独及联合检测对卵巢癌的诊断灵敏度、特异度及准确度。结果肿瘤组患者CA125、CA15-3、CA19-9和HE4水平及阳性率均高于良性组患者和健康组受试者,良性组患者血清CA125、CA15-3和CA19-9水平均高于健康组受试者,良性组患者血清CA125、CA15-3、CA19-9和HE4阳性率均高于健康组受试者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。CA125+CA15-3+HE4、CA125+CA15-3+CA19-9+HE4诊断卵巢癌灵敏度最高,均为91.11%。HE4单独诊断卵巢癌的特异度最高,为94.44%。CA125+CA15-3+HE4诊断卵巢癌的准确度最高,为85.93%。结论CA125+CA15-3+HE4三项联合检测可提高卵巢癌诊断效率,对临床诊断卵巢癌有参考价值。     

转录激活因子-4、第二个线粒体衍生的半胱氨酸蛋白酶激活剂在卵巢癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨卵巢癌组织中转录激活因子-4(ATF-4)、第二个线粒体衍生的半胱氨酸蛋白酶激活剂(SMAC)蛋白的表达情况及临床意义。方法收集90例卵巢癌患者的卵巢癌组织标本和90例卵巢良性肿瘤患者的良性肿瘤组织标本。采用免疫组化染色法检测两种组织中ATF-4、SMAC蛋白的表达情况,并对卵巢癌组织中ATF-4、SMAC蛋白表达与卵巢癌患者病理特征的关系进行分析。结果免疫组化染色结果显示,卵巢癌组织中ATF-4的阳性表达率明显高于卵巢良性肿瘤组织(P﹤0.01)。卵巢癌组织中SMAC蛋白的阳性表达率明显低于卵巢良性肿瘤组织(P﹤0.01)。FIGO分期为Ⅲ~Ⅳ期、有淋巴结转移、组织学分级为G3级的上皮性卵巢癌患者上皮性卵巢癌组织中ATF-4蛋白的阳性表达率均高于FIGO分期为Ⅰ~Ⅱ期、无淋巴结转移、组织学分级为G1~G2级的患者(P﹤0.05);FIGO分期为Ⅲ~Ⅳ期、有淋巴结转移、组织学分级为G3级的上皮性卵巢癌患者上皮性卵巢癌组织中SMAC蛋白的阳性表达率均明显低于FIGO分期为Ⅰ~Ⅱ期、无淋巴结转移、组织学分级为G1~G2级的患者(P﹤0.01);不同病灶直径的上皮性卵巢癌组织中ATF-4、SMAC蛋白的阳性表达率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。结论上皮性卵巢癌组织中ATF-4蛋白的表达上调,SMAC蛋白的表达下调,且ATF-4、SMAC蛋白表达可能与上皮性卵巢癌患者的病情进展有一定关系。     

腹腔穿刺与腹腔输液港在卵巢癌患者腹腔化疗中的应用比较

目的:探讨腹腔穿刺与腹腔输液港在卵巢癌患者腹腔化疗中的应用效果。方法:选择2017年1月至2018年12月住院行腹腔化疗的卵巢癌患者90例，其中腹腔穿刺组患者45例，腹腔输液港组患者45例。对比2组患者的治疗效果、导管相关并发症发生情况、穿刺时疼痛评分、一次性穿刺成功率以及疗程完成情况。结果:两组患者治疗效果比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；导管相关并发症发生情况，两组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；腹腔输液港组患者穿刺疼痛评分低于腹腔穿刺组，两组M(P25，P75)评分分别为2.00（1.40，2.50）和5.33（5.00，5.67），差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05），腹腔输液港组患者有18例主诉在留置期间存在腹部异物感；腹腔穿刺组患者一次性穿刺成功率为87.44%（181/207），腹腔输液港组患者为95.04%（249/262），两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；腹腔穿刺组患者疗程完成率为82.22%（37/45），腹腔输液港组为95.56%（43/45），差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论:腹腔输液港相较于腹腔穿刺应用于腹腔化疗中，其一次性穿刺成功率更高，疗程完成度更好，故在经济条件允许且化疗周期较长、腹部穿刺困难或对疼痛不耐受的患者可考虑置入腹腔输液港。     

快速康复护理、中医特色护理对卵巢癌的效果

目的分析快速康复护理联合中医特色护理在卵巢癌围手术期护理中应用效果。方法选择本院100例2018年7月-2019年2月卵巢癌患者。随机分组,快速康复护理组采取快速康复护理,快速康复护理联合中医特色护理组则采取快速康复护理联合中医针灸推拿护理。比较两组护理满意度;卵巢癌疼痛以及不良反应好转的时间;治疗前后患者中医证候积分、QOL量表评分值。结果快速康复护理联合中医特色护理组护理满意度、卵巢癌疼痛以及不良反应好转的时间、中医证候积分、QOL量表评分值相比较快速康复护理组更好,P <0.05。结论快速康复护理联合中医针灸推拿护理卵巢癌效果确切,可改善并发症和缓解疼痛,改善生存质量。     

粉防己碱调控miR-21表达抑制卵巢癌上皮间质转化的实验研究

目的研究粉防己碱(TET)调控miR-21表达抑制卵巢癌上皮间质转化(EMT)的作用。方法以人卵巢癌细胞(A2780细胞)、人卵巢透明癌细胞(ES-2细胞)和正常人卵巢上皮细胞(IOSE80细胞)作为研究对象,采用MTT法测定0、1.0、2.0、5.0、10.0、20.0μmol/L的TET对上述3种细胞增殖的影响。实验分为IOSE80细胞对照组、A2780细胞对照组、ES-2细胞对照组、A2780细胞TET组、ES-2细胞TET组,采用实时荧光定量PCR法(RT-qPCR)测定各组细胞miR-21表达水平;迁移实验和侵袭实验考察TET对细胞迁移和侵袭的影响;蛋白印迹法(Western blot)测定各组细胞GSK3β、p-GSK3β、β-catenin、E-cadherin、N-cadherin、Vimentin蛋白表达水平。结果①与对照组相比,TET浓度在1.0～20.0μmol/L时,A2780细胞和ES-2细胞存活率随着TET浓度的增加显著降低(P0.05);为减少TET药物对细胞的毒性,采用TET对A2780细胞和ES-2细胞的处理浓度分别为5.0μmol/L和3.0μmol/L进行后续实验。②与IOSE80细胞组相比,A2780细胞对照组和ES-2细胞对照组miR-21表达水平显著升高(P0.05);与A2780细胞对照组和ES-2细胞对照组相比,A2780细胞5.0μmol/L TET组和ES-2细胞3.0μmol/L TET组miR-21表达水平、迁移能力、侵袭能力、GSK3蛋白磷酸化水平、β-catenin蛋白表达水平、N-cadherin蛋白表达水平、Vimentin蛋白表达水平明显降低(P0.05),E-cadherin蛋白表达水平明显升高(P0.05)。结论 TET可能通过下调miR-21表达水平,从而阻断Wnt/β-catenin信号通路抑制卵巢癌EMT。     

What women want: Fertility sparing surgery in Borderline ovarian tumours patients and pregnancy outcome

ObjectiveBorderline ovarian tumours (BOTs) are characterized by the presence of cellular proliferation and nuclear atypia without stromal invasion. Compared to malignant ovarian tumours, BOTs have better prognoses. The most important treatment of BOT is surgery. Considering the good prognosis of BOT, fertility-sparing surgery (FSS) can be considered for young women who desire to preserve fertility. Our study evaluated the pregnancy rate in patients with childbearing desire, the efficacy and risk of recurrence of women affected by BOTs who have undergone FSS.Materials and methodsPatients characteristics have been restrospectively retrieved for diagnosis made from June 2000 to December 2017 from San Raffaele Hospital and Policlinico Cagliari. Patients underwent FSS for BOT were interviewed about child wishing and pregnancy outcomes.Results85 patients were recruited for the study. Median age at diagnosis was 33 years. Unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed in 33 patients (38%), unilateral cystectomy in 40 (47%) and 12 underwent both procedures (14%). 40 women (50%) tried to conceive after surgery. The pregnancy rate was 73% and live birth rate was 67%. Childbearing desire and age at diagnosis were significantly associated with the pregnancy rate.ConclusionsConservative surgical treatment seems to be a reasonable therapeutic option for women with BOTs who wish to preserve fertility. Our results suggest that the obstetric outcomes after FSS are promising. Maternal desire and the age of diagnosis are the most important factors affecting PR after surgery. Fertility counselling should be an integral part of the clinical management of women with BOT.     

Successful treatment of advanced ovarian cancer with anlotinib: a case report

Ovarian cancer remains the most lethal gynecological malignant tumor, with relapse occurring in approximately 70% of advanced cases. Anlotinib is an oral small-molecule multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor that can resist neoangiogenesis and inhibit tumor growth. Previous research demonstrated clinical antitumor activity of anlotinib in various cancers. We report the case of an elderly woman with advanced ovarian cancer who received anlotinib after failure of multiple-line chemotherapy. A partial response was observed after six cycles of anlotinib monotherapy, with a reduction in the size of the metastases and significantly decreased serum CA125 levels from 1832.7 U/mL to 118.7 U/mL. She continued to take anlotinib, with a progression-free survival time of more than 4 months. Only mild hypertension was observed during the treatment. Anlotinib monotherapy may be a novel therapeutic option for patients with advanced ovarian cancer.     

Imaging benign gynaecological conditions

Radiology plays an essential role in the management of benign gynaecological conditions and includes: ultrasound; computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Each modality has a different role in diagnosis, treatment selection and follow-up. This review discusses the different imaging modalities, their recommended roles in the imaging and imaging findings of common female pelvic pathology.